Published: August 11, 2026 – Last updated: September 7, 2026
Bolivia is home to dozens of languages, from Spanish to Indigenous tongues like Quechua and Aymara — here’s what to know before you go.
Languages Spoken
- Bolivia is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world — its 2009 Constitution officially recognizes 37 languages: Spanish plus 36 Indigenous languages.
- Spanish is the most widely spoken, especially in cities, and roughly 90% of Bolivians speak it, including as a second language.
- Quechua and Aymara are the two most common Indigenous languages, especially in the highlands and rural areas.
- In the eastern lowlands, you may also hear Guaraní.
Tip: Even if you only speak Spanish, Bolivians will understand you. If you visit rural areas, learning a few words in Quechua or Aymara is seen as respectful and appreciated.
Useful Phrases
Spanish Basics
- Hola = Hello
- Gracias = Thank you
- Por favor = Please
- ¿Cuánto cuesta? = How much is it?
Quechua Basics
- Allinllachu? = How are you?
- Sulpayki = Thank you
- Tupananchiskama = See you later
Aymara Basics
- Kamisaki = Hello / How are you?
- Jach’a qamaña = Good life / Cheers
- Waliki = I’m fine
Pronunciation tip: Vowels are short and clear (like in Italian). Spanish here is slower and softer than in Spain, so easier for learners.
Language Schools
- Sucre: Widely considered the best place to study Spanish in Bolivia. The accent is neutral and schools are affordable. Me Gusta Spanish School is a well-established, consistently top-rated option (running since 2011).
- Cochabamba: Another hub for language learners, with several well-established, verified schools. Escuela Carmen Vega is a family-run school in a quiet residential neighborhood, known for one-on-one teaching and homestay options. Conexiones entre Mundos has been running for over 25 years and, alongside Spanish, is one of the few schools offering structured Quechua classes — a genuine plus if you want to go beyond Spanish. Juntucha is worth knowing about too, for its social mission: a portion of tuition supports the Casa de la Alegría Foundation, which works with children who’ve experienced abuse or abandonment.
Tip: Many schools also organize cultural activities (cooking classes, dance, volunteering) to practice language in real life.
Cultural Etiquette & Customs
Greetings
- Handshake with eye contact: The most common greeting, especially in formal or business situations.
- Kiss on the cheek: Among friends, acquaintances, or women greeting men, one kiss on the right cheek is typical.
- “Buenos días / Buenas tardes / Buenas noches”: Always greet when entering a shop, taxi, or meeting new people — it’s seen as polite and friendly.
- Titles and formality matter: Use Señor, Señora, Señorita, Doctor, Licenciado when addressing professionals or older people.
Social Etiquette
- Politeness first: Being friendly, respectful, and not rushing conversations is valued.
- Punctuality: Social gatherings often run late (hora boliviana/Bolivian time), but official meetings are expected to start on time.
- Personal space: Bolivians tend to stand closer when talking compared to some Western countries — this is normal.
- Photography: Always ask before photographing people, especially in rural or Indigenous communities. Some may prefer not to be photographed unless permission (or a small tip) is given.
FAQ
How many official languages does Bolivia have?
37 — Spanish plus 36 Indigenous languages, recognized under Bolivia’s 2009 Constitution. It’s one of the highest counts of official languages of any country in the world.
Will I be able to get by with just Spanish?
Yes — Spanish is understood almost everywhere, including by most Quechua and Aymara speakers, who are commonly bilingual. Learning a few words of an Indigenous language is appreciated but never necessary.
Related Guides
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